Question

Among ‘The Evil Quartet’, which one is considered the most important cause driving extinction of species?

• A. Over exploitation for economic gain
• B. Alien species invasions
• C. Co-extinctions
• D. Habitat loss and fragmentation

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

In the study of biology, particularly in the context of species extinction factors, 'The Evil Quartet' is a term used to describe four principal causes of species extinction. The most crucial among these is considered to be habitat loss and fragmentation.

This factor is deemed the most influential because it leads to the direct and immediate reduction of the living area available to species. As habitats are destroyed or broken into smaller, isolated fragments, species populations often become unsustainable. This process disrupts ecosystems and diminishes biodiversity by cutting off access to resources, hindering the ability of species to survive and reproduce effectively. As natural habitats are converted for human use, many species are unable to adapt quickly enough, resulting in their eventual decline and extinction.

Answer 2

Habitat loss and fragmentation have significant impacts on biodiversity and are often cited as the primary driver of species extinction. This process disrupts ecosystems, reduces available habitat, and can lead to isolation of populations, making species more vulnerable to various threats. The other factors in the 'Evil Quartet' (over exploitation for economic gain, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions) also contribute to species decline, but habitat loss and fragmentation are often seen as the underlying driver.

Therefore, The correct option is (D): Habitat loss and fragmentation