Question:

Amino acid sequence, in protein synthesis is decided by the sequence of-

Updated On: May 18, 2024
  • r-RNA
  • t-RNA
  • m-RNA
  • c-DNA
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Messenger RNA or mRNA has been named so because it carries the coded information from DNA for the synthesis of proteins. It carries the coded information in a number of base triplets called codons. It is transcribed on DNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase. Hence its base sequence is complementary to DNA on which it has been synthesized. In eukaryotes each gene transcribes its own m-RNA, therefore the number of m-RNAs corresponds to the number of genes. rRNA is a type of RNA that forms structural and functional components of ribosomes. rRNA is a class of RNA having structures with triplet nucleotide sequences that are complementary to the triplet nucleotide coding sequences of mRNA. It binds with amino acids and transfers them to ribosomes.
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Concepts Used:

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA Replication:

DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.

Genetic Code:

Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.

Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance