Question:
Aluminium is extracted from alumina $(Al_2O_3)$ by electrolysis of a molten mixture of
Aluminium is extracted from alumina $(Al_2O_3)$ by electrolysis of a molten mixture of
Updated On: Jun 21, 2024
- $Al_2O_3 + HF + NaAlF_4$
- $Al_2O_3 + CaF_2 + NaAlF_4$
- $Al_2O_3 + Na_3AlF_6 + CaF_2$
- $Al_2O_3 + KF + Na_3AlF_6$
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Alumina, $Al_2O_3$ is a bad conductor of electricity and has very high melting point, so before subjecting to electrolysis, it is mixed with fluorspar $(CaF_2)$ and cryolite $(Na_3AlF_6),$ which lower its melting point and make it more conducting. Mainly $CaF_2$ and $Na_3 Al F_6$ mixed with $Al_2 O_3$ for converting in molten state.
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Concepts Used:
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
What are Ores and Minerals?
Minerals are the naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substances. They are having a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure, hardness and color. For example, copper pyrite, calamine, etc.
Impurities in an ore are called gauge. The removal of a gauge from the ore is called concentration ore.
Several steps are involved in the extraction of pure metal from ores. Major steps are as follows –
- Concentration of the ore
- Isolation of the metal from its concentrated ore
- Purification of the metal