Question

All of the following is/are having superantigen Property Except

• A. Vibrio cholera
• B. Streptococcal pyrogenic
• C. Staphylococcal enterotoxins
• D. None of these

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The question pertains to identifying which of the given options does not exhibit superantigen properties.

Superantigens are a class of antigens that result in excessive activation of the immune system. They bypass the normal antigen processing and directly link major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules with T-cell receptors leading to an exaggerated immune response. This is due to the non-specific, polyclonal activation of T-cells, causing massive cytokine release.

The options are as follows:

• Vibrio cholera
• Streptococcal pyrogenic
• Staphylococcal enterotoxins
• None of these

Explanation:

1. Streptococcal pyrogenic toxins are known for their superantigen properties, associated with diseases like streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
2. Staphylococcal enterotoxins, produced by Staphylococcus aureus, are also recognized as superantigens, causing staphylococcal food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome.
3. Vibrio cholera, however, produces cholera toxin, which is an enterotoxin with a different mechanism of action. It is not classified as a superantigen. The cholera toxin works by increasing cyclic AMP in intestinal cells, leading to watery diarrhea, not by the superantigen pathway.

Therefore, Vibrio cholera is the correct answer as it does not have superantigen properties.