Question

A young boy presented with fever, sore throat, malaise and abdominal pain, conjunctival suffusion and calf tenderness. No history of cough, vomiting, haemorrhage and travel. What is the diagnosis?

• A. Chikungunya
• B. Leptospirosis
• C. Dengue hemorrhagic fever
• D. Hepatic encephalopathy with hepatitis A

Hint:

Leptospirosis should be suspected in patients with a history of exposure to contaminated water or soil, especially with symptoms such as conjunctival suffusion and calf tenderness.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The clinical presentation of fever, sore throat, malaise, abdominal pain, conjunctival suffusion, and calf tenderness, without a history of cough, vomiting, hemorrhage, and travel, is most consistent with Leptospirosis. This zoonotic disease is caused by the Leptospira bacteria, which are typically transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals. Chikungunya and Dengue hemorrhagic fever present with different clinical features, and hepatic encephalopathy with hepatitis A typically presents with jaundice and altered mental status.