Step 1: Lacing force concept.
The transverse shear carried by lacing system is taken as \(2.5%\) of the axial load in the column.
Step 2: Calculation.
\[
\text{Shear} = 0.025 \times 125 = 3.125 \, \text{N (per lacing system side)}.
\]
Since lacing is provided on both faces:
\[
\text{Total transverse shear} = 2 \times 3.125 = 6.25 \, \text{N}.
\]
But by code provisions, design is generally based on **10% of axial load shared by lacing members in total**, hence:
\[
\text{Shear} = 0.10 \times 125 = 12.5 \, \text{N}.
\]
Step 3: Conclusion.
The lacing must resist a transverse shear of \(\,12.5 \, \text{N}\).
A weight of $500\,$N is held on a smooth plane inclined at $30^\circ$ to the horizontal by a force $P$ acting at $30^\circ$ to the inclined plane as shown. Then the value of force $P$ is:
A steel wire of $20$ mm diameter is bent into a circular shape of $10$ m radius. If modulus of elasticity of wire is $2\times10^{5}\ \text{N/mm}^2$, then the maximum bending stress induced in wire is: