A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of:
- fats
- ketones
- amino acids
- glucose
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
During prolonged fasting, when the body's glycogen stores are depleted, it starts breaking down fat for energy. The breakdown of fats produces ketone bodies, such as acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate, which can be detected in the urine. This condition is known as ketonuria and is a common physiological response to fasting or low-carbohydrate diets. The presence of ketones in urine is an indication that the body is using fat as an energy source.
So, the correct option is (B): ketones
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Concepts Used:
Excretory System
Excretory System Organs:
The human excretory system organs include:
- A pair of kidneys
- A pair of ureters
- A urinary bladder
- A urethra
Read More: Excretion in Human Beings
Kidneys:
The organ that has an inner concave structure is the kidney. The blood vessels, nerves, and ureters enter the kidneys through the hilum, which is a notch in the inner concave surface of the kidney. The renal pelvis, a large funnel-shaped space, present inside the hilum, has many projections, called calyces.
Ureter:
A pair of thin muscular tubes called the ureter comes out of each kidney outstretched from the renal pelvis. It is the carrier of urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Urinary Bladder:
It is a muscular sac-like structure, where urine is stored. The urinary bladder is being emptied by the process of micturition, which acts as urination.
Urethra:
This tube rises from the urinary bladder and helps to throw urine out of the body. In males, it works as the common route for sperms and urine. Sphincter muscles guard the opening of the urethra.
Read More: Excretion