Question

A patient requires tooth extraction in an area that has previously received radiation therapyWhat is the most serious complication to be concerned about in this case?

• A. Pathological fracture
• B. Alveolar osteitis (dry socket)
• C. Osteoradionecrosis
• D. Delayed wound healing

Hint:

Extraction in irradiated bone → Hypovascular, hypocellular, hypoxic tissue → Risk of osteoradionecrosis.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Effect of Radiation on Bone.
Radiation therapy causes hypovascular, hypocellular, and hypoxic changes in boneThe irradiated bone loses its normal healing capacity due to reduced blood supply and decreased cellular activity
Step 2: Risk After Extraction.
Following tooth extraction in an irradiated area, the bone may fail to heal properlyThis can lead to bone exposure, infection, and necrosis of the irradiated bone
Step 3: Most Serious Complication.
Osteoradionecrosis is the most severe complicationIt is characterized by non-healing exposed bone in a previously irradiated area and may persist for monthsIt can result in chronic infection, pain, and even pathological fracture
Step 4: Excluding Other Options.
Dry socket and delayed healing are possible but less severe
Pathological fracture can occur secondary to osteoradionecrosis, but the primary concern is osteoradionecrosis itself
Step 5: Conclusion.
Therefore, the most serious complication to be concerned about is Osteoradionecrosis