Question

A patient complained of gradual diminution of vision. On examination the patient had dry eyes and a rough corneal surface. What could be the deficiency in the patient causing these manifestations.

• A. Iron
• B. Protein
• C. Niacin
• D. Retinoic Acid

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

In ophthalmology, a complaint of gradual diminution of vision accompanied by dry eyes and a rough corneal surface typically indicates a deficiency in a certain nutrient essential for eye health. Among the options provided, the most likely deficiency is of Retinoic Acid, which is a derivative of Vitamin A.

Explanation: Vitamin A plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy vision. It is vital for the production of rhodopsin, a protein in the eyes that allows you to see in low light conditions. Moreover, it supports the conjunctival membranes and cornea. A deficiency in Vitamin A can lead to xerophthalmia, characterized by dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea, eventually leading to more severe eye disorders if left untreated.

Symptom Correlation:

• Dry eyes: Vitamin A deficiency affects tear production, leading to dryness.
• Rough corneal surface: Without adequate Vitamin A, the corneal surface becomes keratinized and rough.

Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of the patient correlate strongly with a deficiency in Retinoic Acid, thus the correct answer is Retinoic Acid.