A metallic rod of length \(20\) cm is placed in North-South direction and is moved at a constant speed of 20 m/s towards East. The horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field at that place is \(4 × 10^{–3}\) T and the angle of dip is \(45º\). The emf induced in the rod is __________mV.
Correct Answer: 16
Solution and Explanation
The emf induced in the rod is \(\underline{16}\) mV.
\(E = Blv\)
=\(4×10^{−3}×\frac{20}{100}×20\) \(Volts\)
= \(16\; mV\)
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Concepts Used:
Magnetic Field
The magnetic field is a field created by moving electric charges. It is a force field that exerts a force on materials such as iron when they are placed in its vicinity. Magnetic fields do not require a medium to propagate; they can even propagate in a vacuum. Magnetic field also referred to as a vector field, describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, magnetic materials, and electric currents.
A magnetic field can be presented in two ways.
- Magnetic Field Vector: The magnetic field is described mathematically as a vector field. This vector field can be plotted directly as a set of many vectors drawn on a grid. Each vector points in the direction that a compass would point and has length dependent on the strength of the magnetic force.
- Magnetic Field Lines: An alternative way to represent the information contained within a vector field is with the use of field lines. Here we dispense with the grid pattern and connect the vectors with smooth lines.
Properties of Magnetic Field Lines
- Magnetic field lines never cross each other
- The density of the field lines indicates the strength of the field
- Magnetic field lines always make closed-loops
- Magnetic field lines always emerge or start from the north pole and terminate at the south pole.