A codon consists of 3 bases and there are 4 different kinds of bases in a nucleic acid altogether. How many codons will be there?
- 64
- 22
- 86
- 60
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
- A codon denotes a series of nucleotides found on messenger RNA (mRNA), serving to represent a particular amino acid or signaling the initiation or termination of a process.
- Comprising a triplet combination of the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or uracil (U), codons include sequences such as GUU, GCC, UCA, and CUA.
- Among the 64 codons present, 61 encode the 20 amino acids essential for protein synthesis, while the remaining three function as stop signals.
So, the correct option is (A): 64
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Concepts Used:
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
DNA Replication:
DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.
RNA:
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.
Genetic Code:
Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.
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