A car travels at 60 km/h for half the distance and 80 km/h for the other half. What is the average speed for the entire journey?
72 km/h
- Step 1: Assume total distance - Let the total distance = $2d$ km. Each half = $d$ km.
- Step 2: Time for first half - Speed = 60 km/h: \[ t_1 = \frac{d}{60} \]
- Step 3: Time for second half - Speed = 80 km/h: \[ t_2 = \frac{d}{80} \]
- Step 4: Total time - \[ T = t_1 + t_2 = \frac{d}{60} + \frac{d}{80} = d \left( \frac{4}{240} + \frac{3}{240} \right) = \frac{7d}{240} \]
- Step 5: Average speed formula - \[ \text{Average speed} = \frac{\text{Total distance}}{\text{Total time}} = \frac{2d}{\frac{7d}{240}} = \frac{2d \times 240}{7d} = \frac{480}{7} \ \text{km/h} \]
- Step 6: Conclusion - Average speed = $\frac{480}{7}$ km/h, matching option (2).
For any natural number $k$, let $a_k = 3^k$. The smallest natural number $m$ for which \[ (a_1)^1 \times (a_2)^2 \times \dots \times (a_{20})^{20} \;<\; a_{21} \times a_{22} \times \dots \times a_{20+m} \] is: