Select the correct statements from the following :
A. Atoms of all elements are composed of two fundamental particles.
B. The mass of the electron is 9.10939 x 10-31 kg.
C. All the isotopes of a given element same chemical properties.
D. Protons and electrons are collected known as nucleons.
E. Dalton’s atomic theory, regarded atom as an ultimate particle of matter.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Select the correct statements from the following :
A. Atoms of all elements are composed of two fundamental particles.
B. The mass of the electron is 9.10939 x 10-31 kg.
C. All the isotopes of a given element same chemical properties.
D. Protons and electrons are collected known as nucleons.
E. Dalton’s atomic theory, regarded atom as an ultimate particle of matter.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
C, D and E only
A and E only
B, C and E only
A, B and C only
The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
To determine the correct statements, let's analyze each one:
A. Atoms of all elements are composed of two fundamental particles.
This is incorrect. Atoms are composed of three fundamental particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Therefore, statement A is false.
B. The mass of the electron is 9.10939 x 10-31 kg.
This statement is correct. The mass of an electron is indeed approximately 9.10939 x 10-31 kg.
C. All the isotopes of a given element have the same chemical properties.
This statement is correct. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons and electrons, thus exhibiting identical chemical properties due to having the same electronic configuration.
D. Protons and electrons are collectively known as nucleons.
This statement is incorrect. Nucleons refer to protons and neutrons, not electrons. Electrons are not part of the nucleus.
E. Dalton’s atomic theory regarded the atom as the ultimate particle of matter.
This statement is correct. Dalton's atomic theory regarded an atom as the smallest, indivisible particle of matter.
From the analysis, the correct statements are B, C, and E.
Approach Solution -2
As the question is statement based B, C, and E are the correct statements.
B. The mass of the electron is 9.10939 x 10-31 kg.
C. All the isotopes of a given element same chemical properties.
E. Dalton’s atomic theory, regarded atom as an ultimate particle of matter.
Therefore, the correct option is (C) : B, C and E only
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Concepts Used:
Structure of Atom
Atomic Structure:
The atomic structure of an element refers to the constitution of its nucleus and the arrangement of the electrons around it. Primarily, the atomic structure of matter is made up of protons, electrons and neutrons.
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Dalton proposed that every matter is composed of atoms that are indivisible and indestructible.
The following are the postulates of his theory:
- Every matter is made up of atoms.
- Atoms are indivisible.
- Specific elements have only one type of atoms in them.
- Each atom has its own constant mass that varies from element to element.
- Atoms undergo rearrangement during a chemical reaction.
- Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.
Cons of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
- The theory was unable to explain the existence of isotopes.
- Nothing about the structure of atom was appropriately explained.
- Later, the scientists discovered particles inside the atom that proved, the atoms are divisible.
Subatomic Particles
- Protons - are positively charged subatomic particles.
- Electron - are negatively charged subatomic particles.
- Neutrons - are electrically neutral particles and carry no charge
Atomic Structure of Isotopes
Several atomic structures of an element can exist, which differ in the total number of nucleons.These variants of elements having a different nucleon number (also known as the mass number) are called isotopes of the element. Therefore, the isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons. For example, there exist three known naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen, namely, protium, deuterium, and tritium.