Question

A 30-year-old female abuser with suicidal tendencies is brought to the hospital. Mydriasis, tachypnea, tachycardia observed. Diagnosis?

• A. Cocaine
• B. Morphine
• C. Heroin
• D. Chlorpheniramine

Hint:

Mydriasis, tachycardia, and tachypnea are commonly seen with stimulant use such as cocaine. These signs help differentiate it from opioid intoxication.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the likely substance causing the symptoms in this 30-year-old female, we assess the presented symptoms: mydriasis (pupil dilation), tachypnea (increased respiratory rate), and tachycardia (increased heart rate). Additionally, she has a history of suicidal tendencies.

These clinical signs, particularly mydriasis, tachypnea, and tachycardia, are common in cases of stimulant abuse. Among the options given, cocaine is a stimulant known to cause these effects due to its sympathomimetic properties. It increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, leading to heightened alertness and increased heart rate and respiration.

In contrast, the other options involve substances with different action profiles:

• Morphine: An opioid that typically causes miosis (pupil constriction), respiratory depression, and slows the heart rate.
• Heroin: Another opioid also leading to miosis and respiratory depression.
• Chlorpheniramine: An antihistamine that may cause mild sedation but does not typically cause tachycardia or mydriasis.

Based on the symptoms of mydriasis, tachypnea, and tachycardia, along with the stimulant profile, the most likely diagnosis is cocaine abuse.