Let \( f : (0, \infty) \to \mathbb{R} \) be a twice differentiable function. If for some \( a \neq 0 \), } \[ \int_0^a f(x) \, dx = f(a), \quad f(1) = 1, \quad f(16) = \frac{1}{8}, \quad \text{then } 16 - f^{-1}\left( \frac{1}{16} \right) \text{ is equal to:}\]
Smoking increases the risk of lung problems. A study revealed that 170 in 1000 males who smoke develop lung complications, while 120 out of 1000 females who smoke develop lung related problems. In a colony, 50 people were found to be smokers of which 30 are males. A person is selected at random from these 50 people and tested for lung related problems. Based on the given information answer the following questions: 
(i) What is the probability that selected person is a female?
(ii) If a male person is selected, what is the probability that he will not be suffering from lung problems?
(iii)(a) A person selected at random is detected with lung complications. Find the probability that selected person is a female.
OR
(iii)(b) A person selected at random is not having lung problems. Find the probability that the person is a male.
Definite integral is an operation on functions which approximates the sum of the values (of the function) weighted by the length (or measure) of the intervals for which the function takes that value.
Definite integrals - Important Formulae Handbook
A real valued function being evaluated (integrated) over the closed interval [a, b] is written as :
\(\int_{a}^{b}f(x)dx\)
Definite integrals have a lot of applications. Its main application is that it is used to find out the area under the curve of a function, as shown below:
