0ne hormone helps in ripening of fruits while the other stimulates closure of stomata.- These are respectively
- Abscisic acid and auxin
- Ethylene and abscisic acid
- Abscisic acid and ethylene
- Ethylene and gibberellic acid
The Correct Option is B
Approach Solution - 1
Answer (b) Ethylene and abscisic acid
Approach Solution -2
Solution: The correct option is (B): Ethylene and Abscisic acid
Explanation: Ethylene is a gaseous hormone produced by fruits that are responsible for starting the ripening process. Levels of ethylene are found to be low in unripen fruits, but as the fruit develops, ethylene is produced in larger amounts which increases the ripening process called “climacteric”
Fruits based on ethylene production are classified as climacteric and non-climacteric fruits.
- Fruits that tend to ripen even after harvest are termed climacteric fruits.
- Such types of fruits are more susceptible to microbial and pathogen spoilage.
- Examples: apple, guava, plum, pear, papaya, mango.
- Fruits that do not tend to ripe even after harvest are termed as non-climacteric fruits.
- They produce very little ethylene.
- Examples: Orange, Cherry, Strawberry, raspberry, litchi.
Abscisic acid is a stress hormone that causes seed and bud dormancy in many plants and stimulates closure of stomata reducing water loss during transpiration. Abscisic acid is important as it responds well to environmental stress like drought, heat stress, cold stress etc.
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Concepts Used:
Plant Growth and Development
Growth in Plants:
Plants have the distinctive ability to grow throughout their life. The meristem cells present there in the roots and shoot apical lead to the primary growth of the plant. The primary growth which happens or takes place at the tips of the stem and roots of the plant contributes to the elongation of the plant along its axis.
In the later stages of growth in plants, the growth in dicotyledonous, vascular cambium, gymnosperms, and cork-cambium are also caused by the existence of meristems in them. These intercalary meristems are put up to increase the girth of the organs of the plant in which they are active. Such type of growth is commonly known as secondary growth.
Many parameters such as area, volume, fresh weight, cell number, dry weight, length, etc are utilized to measure the growth in plants as increase in the amount of protoplasm is responsible for the growth in plants.
Read More: Plant Growth and Development