List of top Logical Reasoning Questions

Principle : An advocate is bound to accept any brief in the Courts or Tribunals or before any other authorities in or before which he proposes to practise at a fee consistent with his standing at the Bar and the nature of the case.
Facts : You are an advocate practising in the Supreme Court of India and specialising in criminal law. You are approached by a Pakistani national who has been convicted of serious terrorism and murder charges by the Delhi High Court. He wants you to represent him before the Supreme Court. He is willing to pay any fee you may quote. However, you have a serious moral objection to taking up this case since it concerns
the security of the country.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

Principle : The appeal by a candidate or his agent or by any other person with the consent of a candidate or his election agent to vote or refrain from voting for any person on the ground of his religion, race, caste, community or language, shall be a “corrupt practice”.
Facts : Ms. Tickoo, a candidate from the Krantikari Party, says to her voters: “Vote for me because you are all Christians and your interests will be protected by me.”
Choose the most appropriate answer.

There must be mandatory vaccination against communicable diseases.
Argument 1 : Yes, the collective wellbeing of the population must override individual choice.
Argument 2 : No, individuals must have agency over what they inject into their bodies.
Argument 3 : No, this would lead to profiteering by vaccine manufacturers.
Choose the most appropriate answer

Principle : No person accused of an offence involving commercial quantity of narcotic drugs shall be released on bail or on his own bond unless the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.
Facts : Michael is accused of possessing commercial quantities of cocaine(a narcotic drug), which is an offence. However, he has not yet been arrested by the police. He moves the relevant court for anticipatory bail, praying that he should not be arrested for the alleged offences. The Court finds a good case for grant of anticipatory bail; however, the Court is not ready to state that “there are reasonable grounds for
believing that he is not guilty of such offence”.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

“Mental-health issues and stress or high anxiety often go together. Finding an emotional release like painting allows a person’s mind to relax and let go of all the problems that contribute to a high-stress level. When people create something beautiful through painting, they stimulate the creative mind while relieving mental strain. A low-stress level leads to a happier, healthier lifestyle and helps improve overall mental health.” Which of the following is an assumption required by the above passage ?

Ethanol can be blended into petrol to reduce the quantity of petrol required to run a vehicle, thus reducing dependency on imported, costly and polluting petroleum. For India to meet its target of 20% ethanol blended in petrol by the year 2025 (commonly known as the E20 target), it will have to bring in more land under cultivation of feedstock – agricultural products that can be converted into ethanol – area that can be better utilised for the generation of renewable energy and for furthering the electric vehicles adoption programme in the country, according to a new report. Besides, the ethanol target will not reduce earth-warming emissions drastically, it may be detrimental to India’s food security, and will only help us inch towards energy security, experts say.
The conclusion drawn above follows logically if which of the following is assumed ?

People are always blaming circumstances for their difficulties. Most who succeed in this world are people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, they make them.
Which of the following is an assumption necessarily taken for granted in the above statement ?

Online retailers do not have to pay for overheads such as shop rent and sales staff salaries, owing to which they can charge lower prices for products than brick-and mortar stores which have to incur such costs.
The conclusion drawn above follows logically if which of the following is assumed ?

The world sees tech companies as giants with trillion-dollar market values and global networks. Cue renewed regulatory efforts to undermine their dominance. Shortly after the EU agreed stringent legislation to regulate Big Tech, the UK this week set out details of its plan. Such moves are a response to Big Tech’s competition-stifling scale. Amazon will account for an estimated 39.5 per cent of the US e-commerce market this year, according to research. Meta has 3.6bn users around the world and is the world’s largest social media company. Google has 92 per cent of the search engine market, according to data.
Which of the following is the most appropriate assumption required by the above passage ?

The Constitution of India is a vital document. It lays out our rights and duties and places meaningful restrictions on our elected representatives. It is imperative on our part to educate ourselves about the Constitution. Therefore, every person must endeavour to place a copy of the Constitution in their home.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the above passage ?

Rather than adopt conventional ways of water consumption, we should all start storing our water in copper containers so that we can get the benefits of copper intake. It is now well-proven that storing water in a container for 24-48 hours is very effective in transmitting some copper content into the water.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the above passage ?

A school principal must schedule classes for five subjects – English, Maths, Science, Social Studies, and Music – in accordance with the following conditions :
(i) All subjects except Music must be scheduled at least once a day.
(ii) Science must be scheduled immediately after Maths on any day.
(iii)English cannot be the first or last subject scheduled on any day.
(iv) Social Studies cannot be immediately followed by Music. Music cannot be immediately followed by Social Studies.
If English is the second subject scheduled on a given day, which of these is a possible order of subjects for that day ?

Some laptops are chocolates. All toffees are chocolates. Examine the following statements :
I. Some laptops are toffees.
II. No toffees are laptops.
III. All toffees are laptops.
IV. All laptops are toffees.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

All boxes are plugs. All plugs are bottles. Examine the following statements :
I. All plugs are boxes.
II. All bottles are boxes.
III. No bottles are boxes.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

An athlete who enjoys playing football, tennis, badminton, cricket and basketball must somehow play all five of these sports during a given 7-day week (starting on Monday and ending on Sunday) in accordance with the following conditions :
(i) Football cannot be played on Monday or Sunday.
(ii) Badminton cannot be played on the day immediately before or immediately after the day on which tennis is played.
(iii) Basketball cannot be played on Thursday.
(iv)At least two of the five sports must be played twice during the week.
(v) Only one sport can be played each day.
(vi) No sport can be played for two consecutive days.
If Badminton is played on Monday and Basketball is played on Saturday, which of the following is a possible order of sports for the week ?

Geeta is buying three ice-cream bars and must distribute them amongst five of her friends - V, W, X, Y and Z - in accordance with the following conditions :
(i) If V gets an ice-cream bar, W and Y must also get an ice-cream bar.
(ii) If Z gets an ice-cream bar, X cannot get an ice-cream bar.
(iii) At least one of W or X must get an ice-cream bar.
(iv) Each ice-cream bar can only go to one person.
If X gets an ice-cream bar, the other two ice-cream bars can go to :

Black people are about twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease as White people, but for years the pharmaceutical industry has mostly left them out of trials intended to prove new drugs are safe and effective. Two trials organized by a leading pharmaceutical company for its drug ‘X’, the first Alzheimer’s drug approved in almost two decades, were among those with the lowest Black representation. Only 19 people, or 0.6%, of
3,285 participants in its two final-stage trials identified themselves as Black. There are good reasons to study Alzheimer’s in broader populations: The disease is still poorly understood, and the brain pathology and disease genetics may be different in groups with different ancestry.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the passage ?

Seven locations (Classroom, Hostel, Library, Auditorium, Dining Hall, Meeting Room, and Common Room) within an unusual college campus are to be assigned floor numbers from 1 (lowest) to 7 (highest). Each location can only have one floor number, and each floor number can only be assigned to one location. The numbering is to be done in accordance with the following conditions :
(i)The Classroom is on a lower floor than the Auditorium.
(ii)The Meeting Room is exactly one floor lower than the Hostel.
(iii) The Library is either on Floor 1 or on Floor 7.
(iv) The Common Room is on Floor 4.
Which of the following is a possible arrangement of the seven locations, going from Floor 1 to Floor 7 ?

There are many ways to be successful in life. One way is to work hard and be good at your job. Another way is to be street smart and develop a great emotional quotient. Yet another way is to always follow the advice of your elders. Based on the information above, which conclusion necessarily follows ?
I. All three are equally easy ways of being successful in life.
II. It is possible to be successful without working hard.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

The freedom of speech is not absolute. Certain categories of speech, such as hate speech, sedition, defamation, etc., are not protected by the Constitution. Based on the information above, which conclusion necessarily follows ?
I. Obscene speech is protected by the Constitution.
II. Defamation is a criminal offence.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

It is statistically proven that those who play sports suffer from less stress than those who do not play sports. In fact, regularly playing sports is associated with an overall higher level of mental health. Further, outdoor sports are associated with better mental health than indoor sports.
Based on the information above, which conclusion necessarily follows ?
I. Sports are essential to maintain good mental health.
II. People who regularly play sports never face mental health issues.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

In 2008, the Bar Council of India framed a rule stipulating that an advocate is prohibited from advertising or soliciting his work either directly or indirectly, through circulars, advertisements, interviews, touts, and personal communications. The idea of the prohibition of advertising practices in the legal profession has been taken from the law in the UK, where the legal profession is considered noble, and it is believed
that its commercialization will cause dishonor to the profession and will lead to unfair practices.
Based on the information above, which conclusion necessarily follows ?
I. The Bar Council of India has copied the law in the UK without applying its own mind as to whether such a restriction on advertising would be conducive in the Indian context.
II. Lawyers in India are not allowed to commend themselves to persons looking for legal assistance.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

The Government of Kerala has reserved 75% seats in all public educational institutions for persons having ‘domicile’ status in the State of Kerala. The reason cited by the Government is that other States in the country have taken similar measures with respect to their residents. The approach adopted by the State of Kerala is improper because every State authority is required to independently apply its own mind before
arriving at a decision. Based on the information above, which conclusion necessarily follows ?
I. 75% seats in all public institutions are in fact occupied by persons holding ‘domicile’ status in the State of Kerala.
II. The reason behind the introduction of ‘domicile’ reservations by the State of Kerala is not an assessment of backwardness of certain parts of the State.
Choose the most appropriate answer.

The April 1986 disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine was a direct consequence of Cold War isolation and the resulting lack of any safety culture. While no-one in the West was under any illusion about the safety of early Soviet nuclear reactor designs, some lessons learned have also been applicable to Western plants. Since then, the safety of all Soviet-designed reactors has improved vastly. This is due largely to the development of a culture of safety encouraged by collaboration between East and West, and substantial investment in improving the reactors. Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the passage ?

Legislator: We recently evaluated the impact that an amendment to a particular national legislation would have on the population, by undertaking a survey in the most populous state of the country as well as a nation-wide survey. We were unable to get any information from the national survey results. However, we found that the response to the amendment was highly promising in the state-wide survey. We concluded that the national population’s response would be promising as well. The Legislator’s reasoning does which of the following ?