An inexperienced clinician was measuring the cardiac output of a healthy human by thermodilution technique. A 2.0 mL of cold saline solution of volume \( V_i \) at \( 7^\circ C \) was injected at the entrance of the right atrium. The change in blood temperature \( \int_0^{t_1} \Delta T_b \, dt \) at the pulmonary artery was measured to be \(-20\) Kelvin-second. The cardiac output \( F \) was calculated using the following formula
\[
F = \frac{Q}{\rho_b c_b \int_0^{t_1} \Delta T_b \, dt},
\]
where \( Q \) is the heat content of injectate in Joules, given by \( V_i \Delta T_i \rho_i c_i \) and \( \Delta T_i \) is the temperature difference between the injectate and blood. It was assumed that the density of blood (\( \rho_b \) in kg/m\(^3\)) and the specific heat capacity of blood (\( c_b \) in J/(kg.K)) were respectively equal to that of the injectate \( \rho_i \) and \( c_i \).
The clinician realized that there was an error in the measurement of \( F \). Which of the following is TRUE?
