List of top Engineering Sciences Questions

Match the detector for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in Column I with the resulting output in Column II.

In an FCC crystal with lattice parameter \( a \), consider the reaction of two leading partial dislocations, AB and CD, at the line of intersection of their slip planes \( (111) \), respectively, as shown in the figure below. Dislocations AB and CD, have Burgers vectors \( \mathbf{b_1} \) and \( \mathbf{b_2} \), respectively, as given in the figure. Which one of the following options for the slip plane and the Burgers vector of the resulting dislocation is correct?

The figure below shows a plane PQR in a unit cell. The Miller indices of the plane PQR is:

An oil of density \(870 \, {kg/m}^3\) and viscosity \(0.036 \, {Pa.s}\) flows through a straight pipe of 10 cm diameter and 1.5 km length at the flow rate of 250 liters per minute under the steady and incompressible flow conditions.
To control the flow rate of oil, a valve is fixed at the middle of the pipe causing no change in the total length of the pipe. The total head loss measured across the two ends of the pipe is \(11.60 \, {m}\). Using gravitational acceleration as \(10 \, {m/s}^2\), the minor head loss contributed by the presence of the valve in m {(rounded off to 2 decimal places) is ..........}

A fixed control volume has four one-dimensional boundary sections (1, 2, 3, and 4). For a steady flow inside the control volume, the flow properties at each section are tabulated below:

The rate of change of energy of the system which occupies the control volume at this instant is \( E \times 10^6 \, {J/s} \). The value of \( E \) (rounded off to 2 decimal places) is ........

A liquid flows under steady and incompressible flow conditions from station 1 to station 4 through pipe sections P, Q, R, and S as shown in the figure. Consider, \( d \), \( V \), and \( h \) represent the diameter, velocity, and head loss, respectively, in each pipe section with subscripts ‘P’, ‘Q’, ‘R’, and ‘S’. \( \Delta h \) represents the head difference between the inlet (station 1) and outlet (station 4). All the pipe sections are placed on the same horizontal plane for which the figure shows the top view.
(Insert diagram here, if possible)

Figure shows the steady and incompressible flow of a fluid in the direction of the arrow from section A to section D. Three pipe connectors are to be placed between sections at A and D having Total Energy Line (TEL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) as depicted in the figure. Consider, \( g \), \( P \), \( Q \), \( V \), \( \gamma \), and \( Z \) denote gravitational acceleration, pressure, volume flow rate, velocity, specific weight, and elevation of the centerline of the pipe connectors from the datum, respectively. Which one of the following options, in sequence, indicates the correct nature of connectors between sections A and B, B and C, and C and D in the direction of flow?

A solid body of uniform specific gravity floats in a deep liquid pool. Take \( B \), \( G \), and \( M \) as the centre of buoyancy, centre of gravity, and metacentre of the body, respectively. Which one of the following options is correct for the stable floatation of the body in the pool when the body is given a small tilt angle?

Group-I shows different two-dimensional bodies and Group-II mentions their total drag coefficient \( C_d \) based on frontal area while facing parallel flow of fluid having Reynolds number \( Re \geq 10^4 \) along the direction of the arrow. The bodies are placed symmetrically with respect to the flow direction. Which one of the following options identifies the correct match between Group-I and Group-II, as per the concept of degree of streamlining?

Figure shows two parallel plates (upper plate at \( x = b \) and lower one at \( x = -b \) of length L (aligned in \( z \)-direction and infinite width (in \( y \)-direction, normal to the plane of the figure)). Two immiscible, incompressible liquids are flowing steadily in the \( z \)-direction through the thin passage between the plates under the influence of a horizontal pressure gradient \( \left( \frac{P_0 - P_L}{L} \right) \). During the flow, the passage is always half-filled with denser fluid I (viscosity \( \mu_1 \)) at the bottom and rest is occupied by lighter fluid II (viscosity \( \mu_2 \)). Considering exactly in between the fluids and no instabilities in the flow, the shear stress \( \tau_{xz} \) is expressed as:
\[ \tau_{xz} = \frac{(P_0 - P_L) b}{L} \left( \frac{x}{b} - \frac{1}{2} \right) \left( \frac{\mu_1' - \mu_2'}{\mu_1' + \mu_2'} \right) \] Which one of the following options correctly identifies the location of the point having maximum velocity of the flow?

Group-I indicates different properties of fluid and Group-II defines their basic dimensions in terms of Force (F), Length (L), and Time (T).
Which one of the following options identifies the correct match between Group-I and Group-II?

Statement of Reynolds Transport Theorem is given below with three blanks.
The rate of change of ............. extensive property can be calculated by summing the rate of change of the amount of same property in the ............. and the rate at which the property is ............. the surface of the control volume.
Which one of the following options correctly fills the blanks by using its comma-separated phrases in sequence?

Consider the following Statements [1] and [2].
Statement [1]: The Eulerian study focuses attention on individual particle and its motion is observed as a function of time.
Statement [2]: The Lagrangian study focuses attention on the motion of the particles passing through an identified point.
Which one of the following options identifies the correctness of the given statements?

A fruit juice is concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane. A feed stream at 10 kg/min with 6% total solids (by weight) is increased to 20% total solids (by weight). The membrane tube has 10 cm inside diameter and the pressure difference across the membrane is 2000 kPa. If the permeability constant of the membrane is \( 5 \times 10^{-5} \, {kg water} / ({m}^2 {kPa s}) \), the length of membrane tube (in m) is ............. (rounded off to 2 decimal places).

Consider that specific heat (0 to 50°C) of water, water vapour, and air remains constant: 4.48, 1.88, and 1.0 kJ/(kg °C), respectively. Assuming, the heat energy required to convert 1 kg of water to water vapour at 0°C is 2000 kJ, the enthalpy (in kJ/kg dry air) of atmospheric air containing 0.05 kg water vapour per kg dry air at 50°C is ............. (rounded off to 1 decimal place).

Air enters a hair dryer at \(22^\circ {C}\) and 100 kPa with a velocity of \(3.7 \, {m/s}\), and leaves the dryer at \(83^\circ {C}\) and 100 kPa with a velocity of \(9.1 \, {m/s}\). The exit area of the dryer is \(18.7 \, {cm}^2\), and the ambient temperature is \(22^\circ {C}\). The air is an ideal gas with gas constant \(R = 0.287 \, {kJ/kg-K}\) and isobaric specific heat \(c_p = 1.005 \, {kJ/kg-K}\).
If the change in potential energy is neglected, the second law efficiency (in %) of the dryer is .......... {(rounded off to one decimal place).}

A steam boiler contains saturated water vapour at 200°C. After a certain period, the temperature of the boiler drops to 110°C. Assume that all the valves of the boiler are closed and the energy is lost as heat to the surroundings. The ratio of mass of liquid to the mass of vapour is ........... (rounded off to two decimal places).

Two Carnot heat engines (E1 and E2) are operating in series as shown in the figure. Engine E1 receives heat from a reservoir at \(T_H = 1600 \, {K}\) and does work \(W_1\). Engine E2 receives heat from an intermediate reservoir at \(T\), does work \(W_2\), and rejects heat to a reservoir at \(T_L = 400 \, {K}\). Both the engines have identical thermal efficiencies. The temperature \(T\) (in K) of the intermediate reservoir is ........ (answer in integer). \begin{center} \includegraphics[width=5cm]{107.png} \end{center}

A particular temperature scale is obtained according to the relation: \[ t = ae^{\alpha} + b \] where \( a \) and \( b \) are constants, and \( t \) is in \( ^\circ {C} \). The thermometric property as measured by the thermometer is \( \alpha \). The values of \( \alpha \) at the ice point and steam point are 6 and 9, respectively. The temperature (in \( ^\circ {C} \)) which gives \( \alpha = 7 \) is ........ {(rounded off to two decimal places).}

In a piston cylinder assembly, one kmol of an ideal gas is compressed from an initial state of 200 kPa and 400 K to a final state of 1 MPa and 400 K. If the surroundings are at 400 K, the minimum amount of work (in kJ/kmol) required for the compression process is .............{(rounded off to two decimal places).}
Use: Universal gas constant \( R_u = 8.314 \, {kJ/kmol·K} \)

Air in an ideal Diesel cycle is compressed from 3 litre to 0.15 litre. It then expands during a constant pressure heat addition process to 0.3 litre. If the ratio of specific heats, \( \gamma = 1.4 \), the thermal efficiency (in %) of the cycle is ........ (rounded to one decimal place).

Air at 101 kPa, 15°C and 50% relative humidity is first heated to 20°C in a heating coil, and then humidified by spraying water on it. In the final state, the air has temperature of 25°C and relative humidity of 85%. The amount of water sprayed (in gm per kg of dry air) is ........ (rounded off to two decimal places). Use the following data: The saturation pressure of water at 15 °C = 1.7057 kPa The saturation pressure of water at 25 °C = 3.1698 kPa

A heat engine having thermal efficiency of 40% receives heat from a source at 600 K and rejects heat to a sink at 300 K. The second-law efficiency (in %) of this engine is ......... (answer in integer).

For an ideal gas turbine cycle, \( T_1 \) and \( T_3 \) are the compressor inlet temperature and turbine inlet temperature respectively. The ratio \( \frac{T_3}{T_1} \) is denoted by \( t \) and the ratio of specific heats is denoted by \( \gamma \). For any given \( t \), the optimum pressure ratio for the maximum specific work output is

For a pure substance that expands on freezing, which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT?