Question

X-rays are emitted by

• A. ( \text{Photons} ) \
• B. ( \text{Neutrons} ) \
• C. ( \text{Atoms} ) \
• D. ( \text{Electrons} ) \

Hint:

Remember that X-rays are primarily produced when high-energy electrons interact with matter. This interaction can either be the deceleration of electrons (Bremsstrahlung) or the rearrangement of electrons within an atom (characteristic X-rays).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation. There are primarily two mechanisms by which X-rays are produced, both involving electrons:
1. Bremsstrahlung radiation: This occurs when high-speed electrons are decelerated as they pass near the nucleus of a target atom (typically a heavy metal like tungsten). The kinetic energy lost by the electron is converted into X-ray photons. This is the primary mechanism in diagnostic X-ray tubes. 
2. Characteristic X-rays: These are produced when a high-energy electron strikes an inner-shell electron of a target atom, ejecting it. An outer-shell electron then drops into the vacant inner shell, emitting an X-ray photon with a specific energy characteristic of the target atom. While atoms are involved as the target material, and photons are the emitted X-rays themselves, the primary agents causing the emission are the high-energy electrons. Neutrons are not directly involved in the emission of X-rays.