Question

Write the products of the following reactions:

Hint:

In organic reactions, the presence of HI or concentrated acids often leads to substitution or addition reactions, especially in the case of functional groups like hydroxyl and methoxy.

Answer 1

(a) The reaction of methoxy group (\(\text{OCH}_3\)) with HI results in the formation of methanol and iodoform: \[ \text{OCH}_3 + \text{HI} \longrightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{OH} + \text{HI} \] (b) The reaction of hydroxyl group with concentrated nitric acid leads to the formation of nitro group: \[ \text{OH} + \text{conc. HNO}_3 \longrightarrow \text{NO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] (c) The reaction of magnesium bromide with formaldehyde results in the formation of a magnesium alkoxide: \[ \text{MgBr} + \text{HCHO} \longrightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CH}_2\text{OH} + \text{MgBr}_2 \]