Question

Write short notes on the following: 
Chemical composition of DNA.

Answer 1

Chemical Composition of DNA.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic information in living organisms. Its chemical composition includes:
1. Nucleotides: The building blocks of DNA, consisting of:
- Sugar: Deoxyribose in DNA.
- Phosphate group: Forms the backbone of the DNA structure.
- Nitrogenous bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).
2. Double Helix Structure: DNA forms a double helix with two complementary strands held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.
3. Chromatin: DNA in the nucleus is wrapped around histone proteins, forming structures called nucleosomes, which make up chromatin.
Conclusion.
DNA is made up of nucleotides with a specific structure that encodes genetic information.