Question

Write about key core Java concepts.

Hint:

Mastering these core Java concepts is essential for building robust and scalable Java applications.

Answer 1

Core Java concepts are fundamental principles that form the basis of Java programming. These concepts enable developers to build structured, modular, and maintainable Java applications. 1. **Classes and Objects**: - **Class**: A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It defines the properties (attributes) and methods (behaviors) of objects. - **Object**: An object is an instance of a class, representing real-world entities with specific data. 2. **Inheritance**: - Inheritance allows one class (the child class) to inherit the properties and behaviors of another class (the parent class). It facilitates code reuse and makes the program more modular. 3. **Polymorphism**: - Polymorphism enables one interface (method) to be used for different data types. It can be achieved through **method overriding** (runtime polymorphism) and **method overloading** (compile-time polymorphism). 4. **Abstraction**: - Abstraction is the process of hiding the implementation details from the user and exposing only essential features. It can be implemented using **abstract classes** and **interfaces**. 5. **Encapsulation**: - Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit (class). It restricts direct access to some of the object's components and ensures data integrity.