Who has been named the 2023 International Anti-Corruption Champion by the US Government?
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- Nikhil Dey
- Geetika Kaul
- Bharathi
- Prasthan
The Correct Option is A
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About Nikhil Dey:
- A prominent social activist and advocate for transparency and accountability in governance.
- Known for his work with the Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS), which played a pivotal role in the enactment of the Right to Information Act in India.
- Has consistently championed the cause of empowering citizens to demand accountability from public officials.
This award highlights Nikhil Dey’s impactful contributions to promoting integrity and combating corruption at both national and international levels.
Conclusion:
The correct answer is Nikhil Dey, recognized as the 2023 International Anti-Corruption Champion by the US Government.
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Criminology is the scientific and jurisprudential study of crime, criminal behaviour, and the penal response of the state. It operates at the intersection of law, sociology, psychology, and public policy. Its foundational principle is nullum crimen sine lege, nulla poena sine lege, stressing that there is no crime nor punishment without a pre-existing law. Traditional criminology was shaped by the Classical School, emphasizing free will and rationality. Influenced by Bentham’s utilitarianism, it viewed punishment as a deterrent mechanism, echoing audi alteram partem in demanding procedural fairness. In contrast, the Positivist School, focused on biological, psychological, and sociological causes of criminality, thereby shifting from retributive justice to rehabilitative models.
Modern criminology encompasses diverse domains like victimology, penology, white-collar crime, cybercrime, and transnational offences. The traditional ele ments of crime, mens rea and actus reus remain crucial. However, strict liability offences and corporate crimes often challenge this binary. With the advent of globalization, criminology now interfaces with international criminal law, human rights jurisprudence, and restorative justice. It aims to reintegrate the offender and provide restitution to victims. Furthermore, critical criminology interrogates how law disproportionately penalizes marginalized groups, reflecting concerns of penal populism, mass incarceration, and criminalization of poverty. This evolving discipline critiques not just criminal behaviour but the social construction of de viance itself.- TS LAWCET - 2025
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