Question

Who amongst these developed the 'garbage can model' of policy-making?

• A. Ezekiel Dror
• B. James Anderson
• C. Frederick Taylor
• D. Michael Cohen

Hint:

The trio \textbf{Cohen-March-Olsen} is the standard reference for this model.
It is often applied to institutions like universities or certain government departments with fluid participation and ill-defined preferences.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Garbage Can Model describes decision-making in "organized anarchies," where problems, solutions, and decision-makers move relatively independently.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The 'Garbage Can Model' of organizational choice was developed by Michael D. Cohen, James G. March, and Johan P. Olsen in 1972.
The model suggests that decisions are the outcome of four independent streams:
1. Problems
2. Solutions
3. Participants (decision-makers)
4. Choice opportunities
In this model, an organization is viewed as a "garbage can" into which various problems and solutions are dumped by participants as they are generated.
A decision occurs when these streams coincide by chance.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Michael Cohen is one of the key developers of this model.