Question

Which type of fire protection is required for vapor explosion?

• A. Fire hydrant system
• B. Sprinkler system
• C. Water mist fire protection systems
• D. Portable fire extinguisher

Hint:

\textbf{Vapor explosion} risks occur with flammable gases/vapors.
Fire protection for such hazards needs to address rapid flame spread and potential for re-ignition.
\textbf{Water mist systems} create fine water droplets that provide rapid cooling, oxygen displacement, and radiant heat blocking. They are effective for Class B fires (flammable liquids/gases) and can mitigate some vapor cloud fire scenarios.
Conventional sprinklers might be less effective for rapid vapor cloud events. Hydrants and portable extinguishers are for manual firefighting of established/small fires.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Vapor explosions typically occur when flammable vapors, such as those from chemicals or fuels, mix with air and ignite. To prevent or control such explosions, fire protection systems need to address the unique nature of vapor-related fires, which are different from solid material fires. The key requirement for vapor explosion situations is the ability to control the temperature and disperse the vapor before ignition. 

• Option 1: Fire hydrant system - While fire hydrants provide a source of water, they are generally used for extinguishing large fires involving solid materials. Fire hydrants alone are not typically sufficient for vapor explosions, which require more specialized systems.
• Option 2: Sprinkler system - Sprinkler systems are commonly used in buildings to control fires, but they may not be as effective in preventing vapor explosions, as they primarily work by suppressing fires after ignition rather than preventing the risk of vapor buildup.
• Option 3: Water mist fire protection systems - Water mist systems are particularly effective for vapor explosion risks. The fine mist of water helps to cool the area, dilute flammable vapors, and reduce the chances of an explosion. Water mist systems are especially useful in handling both the temperature and vapor suppression requirements in these situations.
• Option 4: Portable fire extinguisher - While portable fire extinguishers are effective for small, localized fires, they are not designed to handle the large-scale or vapor-specific fire risks associated with vapor explosions.

Conclusion:

The most effective fire protection for vapor explosions is Water mist fire protection systems, as they can suppress both the fire and the hazardous vapors involved.

Answer:

Option 3: Water mist fire protection systems