Step 1: Understand India's Antarctic Program.
India has a long-standing and active scientific research program in Antarctica. It maintains permanent research stations there, such as 'Maitri' and 'Bharati'. Every year, India sends an expedition to conduct research.
Step 2: Identify the specific collaboration for the 43rd Expedition.
For the 43rd Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica, which was launched in late 2023 for the 2024 season, India extended an invitation to scientists from other countries to join.
Step 3: Know the participating countries.
Scientists from two friendly nations, Mauritius and Bangladesh, participated in this expedition. This marks a significant step in strengthening scientific cooperation between these countries and India in polar research.