Question

Which region of the brain plays a crucial role in regulating glomerular filtrate by influencing the release of hormones involved in kidney function?

• A. Cerebellum.
• B. Hypothalamus.
• C. Medulla oblongata.
• D. Cerebrum.

Hint:

The hypothalamus maintains water balance in the body by regulating ADH secretion and controlling thirst mechanisms.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Role of the hypothalamus in kidney function.
The hypothalamus is a critical region of the brain that regulates homeostasis, including water and salt balance. It influences kidney function by: Releasing antidiuretic hormone (ADH) via the posterior pituitary gland to increase water reabsorption in the collecting ducts. Controlling thirst mechanisms and fluid intake, which indirectly affects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Step 2: Explanation of other options.
Option (A): Cerebellum. Incorrect. The cerebellum regulates motor functions and balance, not kidney function. Option (C): Medulla oblongata. Incorrect. While the medulla controls vital functions like heart rate and respiration, it does not directly regulate kidney hormones. Option (D): Cerebrum. Incorrect. The cerebrum is involved in higher cognitive functions and does not regulate kidney function. Step 3: Conclusion.
The hypothalamus is the primary brain region responsible for regulating hormones like ADH, which play a key role in kidney function. \[ \therefore \text{The correct answer is: Hypothalamus.} \]