Question:

Which phenomenon is responsible to make the water rise up to $100 \,mts$ of tall plants ?

Updated On: Jun 18, 2022
  • Gravitation
  • Transportation
  • Transpiration pull
  • Capillary action
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

On account of tension created by transpiration in the tracheary elements, the water column of the plant is pulled up passively from below to the top of the plant like a rope. As a tension of one atmosphere is sufficient to pull water to a height of about $10$ metres, a tension of $10-20$ atm is sufficient to raise water to the height of the tallest tree.
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Concepts Used:

Transport in Plants

The two types of conducting tissues that are used to transport the water and minerals in plants such as:

Xylem:

Xylem is a long, non-living tube running from the roots to the leaves via the stem. The water is absorbed by the root hair and goes through cell-to-cell movement by osmosis until it reaches the xylem. This water is then transported throughout the xylem vessels to the leaves and is evaporated by the process of transpiration.

The xylem is also composed of lengthened cells like the phloem. However, the xylem is mainly accountable for transporting water to all plant parts from the roots. Since they serve such a vital function, a single tree would have a lot of xylem tissues.

Phloem:

The phloem is accountable for the translocation of nutrients and sugar like carbohydrates, produced by the leaves to areas of the plant that are metabolically in force. It is powered by living cells. The cell walls of these cells structurize small holes at the ends of the cells known as sieve plates.

Means of Transportation in Plants:

Transportation in plants is by 3 means, they are as follows:

  • Diffusion
  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Active Transport