Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution:
- Overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection
- Variations, constancy of population size, overproduction, natural selection
- Overproduction, constancy of population size,variations, natural selection
- Variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Organisms often produce a greater number of offspring as a survival strategy. This leads to competition for resources among individuals of the same species and between different species. During this struggle for existence, minor variations naturally emerge in each new generation as a result of genetic inheritance from their parents, providing the raw material for evolutionary change. Nature then selects those variations that prove advantageous or adaptive for the organism's survival and reproduction.
Therefore, the appropriate sequence is option (C): Overproduction, competition for resources, emergence of variations, and natural selection.
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Concepts Used:
Evolution
Evolution is a process that occurs in changes in the genetic content of a population over time. Evolutionary change is generally classified into two: microevolution and macroevolution. The process of changes in allele frequencies in a population over time is a microevolutionary process. Three main mechanisms that cause allele frequency change are natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. On the other hand, macroevolution refers to change at or above the level of the species.