Ecological pyramids typically represent a simplified view of energy flow or biomass within an ecosystem. The limitations of ecological pyramids include:
No place for saprophytes: Saprophytes (decomposers) play a crucial role in nutrient cycling but are often not explicitly represented in ecological pyramids.
Simplified food chains: Ecological pyramids often depict simple, linear food chains, while in reality, ecosystems have complex food webs.
Ignoring same species at multiple trophic levels: Some species can occupy multiple trophic levels (e.g., an omnivore). Ecological pyramids often don’t account for this.
The statement “It accommodates a food web” is not a limitation; it would be an improvement if they did.
The following diagram shown restriction sites in E. coli cloning vector pBR322. Find the role of ‘X’ and ‘Y’gens :