Question:
Which one of the following is most reactive towards electrophilic attack ?
Which one of the following is most reactive towards electrophilic attack ?
Updated On: Jul 12, 2022
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
The group showing electron-donating effect (such as -NH$_2$, -OH) should stabilise the intermediate ions, i.e. makes the ring more reactive towards electrophilic substitution than benzene and are called activating group while electron withdrawing group (such as -$Cl, NO_ 2$) increases the positive charge on ring, thus deactivates the ring. Hence, phenol is more readily attacked by an electrophile
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Concepts Used:
Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques - Reaction Mechanism
SN1 Reaction Mechanism:
SN1 reaction mechanism takes place by following three steps –
- Formation of carbocation
- Attack of nucleophile
- Deprotonation
SN2 Reaction Mechanism:
The SN2 reaction mechanism involves the nucleophilic substitution reaction of the leaving group (which generally consists of halide groups or other electron-withdrawing groups) with a nucleophile in a given organic compound.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:
The mechanism of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction contains three main components which are:
- A new sigma bond from C=C is formed during the reaction in the arene nucleophile.
- Due to the breaking of the C-H sigma bond, a proton is removed.
- The C=C bond is reformed and it restores the aromaticity of the compound.
Electrophilic Substitution Reaction Mechanism:
The electrophilic substitution reaction mechanism is composed of three steps, which will be discussed more below.
- Electrophile Generation
- Carbocation Formation
- Proton Removal