Question

Which of the following statements explain and illustrate the term ‘tragedy of commons’?

• A. Wasteland development and the ensuing privatization of commons
• B. Transference of rights and control from the community to development agencies
• C. Regeneration of ecologically appropriate tree cover
• D. Socially appropriate community control over a regenerated resource base

Hint:

The tragedy of commons occurs when individuals exploit shared resources for personal gain, leading to overuse and depletion, often resulting in privatization or external control of the resource.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, B

Step 1: Understanding the tragedy of commons.
The "tragedy of commons" refers to the situation where individuals, acting in their own self-interest, overuse and deplete a shared resource, leading to the detriment of all users. The concept was popularized by Garrett Hardin in 1968.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
- (A) Correct, wasteland development often leads to the privatization of commons, as common resources are commodified and privatized, which is a direct illustration of the tragedy of commons.
- (B) Correct, when rights and control over resources are transferred from the community to external development agencies, the community's ability to manage the resource sustainably is undermined, leading to overuse and depletion.
- (C) Incorrect, while regeneration of ecologically appropriate tree cover is an important environmental practice, it is not related to the tragedy of commons.
- (D) Incorrect, socially appropriate community control over resources can help prevent the tragedy of commons, as it fosters sustainable management practices.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, the correct answers are (A) Wasteland development and the ensuing privatization of commons, and (B) Transference of rights and control from the community to development agencies.