To determine which statements are correct, we'll evaluate each based on historical knowledge:
Therefore, the correct statements are (A), (C), and (E).
Correct Statements:
(A) Bell of arms was a store room in which weapons were kept.
True. The "Bell of Arms" was a storage place for weapons and ammunition during British rule in India.
(C) Firangi is a term of Persian origin applied to the British by the rebels.
True. "Firangi" (derived from Persian Farang/Firang) was used by Indian rebels to refer to the British/Europeans.
(E) Local leaders emerged, urging peasants, zamindars, and tribals to revolt.
True. Leaders like Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah, Kunwar Singh, and others mobilized peasants, zamindars, and tribals against British rule.
Incorrect Statements:
(B) The army of Awadh supported the British.
False. The Awadh army (especially sepoys) rebelled against the British in 1857.
(D) The 7th Awadh Irregular Cavalry accepted the new cartridges in early May.
False. The 7th Awadh Irregular Cavalry mutinied (May 1857) due to the refusal of the Enfield cartridges (greased with cow/pig fat).
Final Answer:
Correct options: A, C, E
Read the given source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Two rebels of 1857
Shah Mal
Shah Mal lived in a large village in pargana Barout in Uttar Pradesh. He belonged to a clan of Jat cultivators whose kinship ties extended over chaurasee des (eighty-four villages). The lands in the region were irrigated and fertile, with rich dark loam soil. Many of the villagers were prosperous and saw the British land revenue system as oppressive: the revenue demand was high and its collection inflexible. Consequently cultivators were losing land to outsiders, to traders and moneylenders who were coming into the area.
Shah Mal mobilised the headmen and cultivators of chaurasee des, moving at night from village to village, urging people to rebel against the British. As in many other places, the revolt against the British turned into a general rebellion against all signs of oppression and injustice. Cultivators left their fields and plundered the houses of moneylenders and traders. Displaced proprietors took possession of the lands they had lost. Shah Mal’s men attacked government buildings, destroyed the bridge over the river, and dug up metalled roads – partly to prevent government forces from coming into the area, and partly because bridges and roads were seen as symbols of British rule. They sent supplies to the sepoys who had mutinied in Delhi and stopped all official communication between British headquarters and Meerut. Locally acknowledged as the Raja, Shah Mal took over the bungalow of an English officer, turned it into a “hall of justice”, settling disputes and dispensing judgments. He also set up an amazingly effective network of intelligence. For a period the people of the area felt that firangi raj was over, and their raj had come.
Shah Mal was killed in battle in July 1857.
How did the rebellion led by Shah Mal challenge the authority of the British?
Read the given source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Two rebels of 1857
Shah Mal
Shah Mal lived in a large village in pargana Barout in Uttar Pradesh. He belonged to a clan of Jat cultivators whose kinship ties extended over chaurasee des (eighty-four villages). The lands in the region were irrigated and fertile, with rich dark loam soil. Many of the villagers were prosperous and saw the British land revenue system as oppressive: the revenue demand was high and its collection inflexible. Consequently cultivators were losing land to outsiders, to traders and moneylenders who were coming into the area.
Shah Mal mobilised the headmen and cultivators of chaurasee des, moving at night from village to village, urging people to rebel against the British. As in many other places, the revolt against the British turned into a general rebellion against all signs of oppression and injustice. Cultivators left their fields and plundered the houses of moneylenders and traders. Displaced proprietors took possession of the lands they had lost. Shah Mal’s men attacked government buildings, destroyed the bridge over the river, and dug up metalled roads – partly to prevent government forces from coming into the area, and partly because bridges and roads were seen as symbols of British rule. They sent supplies to the sepoys who had mutinied in Delhi and stopped all official communication between British headquarters and Meerut. Locally acknowledged as the Raja, Shah Mal took over the bungalow of an English officer, turned it into a “hall of justice”, settling disputes and dispensing judgments. He also set up an amazingly effective network of intelligence. For a period the people of the area felt that firangi raj was over, and their raj had come.
Shah Mal was killed in battle in July 1857.
How did Shah Mal’s leadership contribute to the spread of the rebellion?