Question

Which of the following soils is formed by weathering of crystalline and metamorphic mixture of clay and sand?

• A. Alluvial soils
• B. Red soils
• C. Black soils
• D. Laterite soils

Hint:

Remember: Red color = Iron content + Crystalline/Metamorphic rock origin. Black color = Basalt (Volcanic) origin.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Soil formation (pedogenesis) depends on the parent rock and weathering processes. Different types of parent rocks result in different soil types.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Red Soils develop on crystalline igneous rocks (like granite and gneiss) in areas of low rainfall. They are formed by the weathering of these crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
2. Their red color is due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
3. Alluvial soils are depositional (river-borne). Black soils (Regur) are formed from volcanic basaltic rocks. Laterite soils are formed in tropical areas under high rainfall and temperature (leaching process).
Step 3: Final Answer:
Red soils are specifically formed from the weathering of crystalline and metamorphic parent materials.