Question

Which of the following show(s) dissociation between cognitive disorder and language abilities?

• A. Autism spectrum disorder
• B. Williams syndrome
• C. Dyslexia
• D. Specific Language Impairment (SLI)

Hint:

Think of dissociation cases: Williams = good language, low cognition; Dyslexia = low reading, normal cognition; SLI = poor language, normal cognition.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B, C, D

 

Step 1: Define dissociation.
Dissociation between cognition and language means that linguistic ability can be disproportionately strong or weak compared to general cognitive abilities.

Step 2: Evaluate each condition.

• Williams syndrome — cognitive impairment but relatively strong language and social abilities (dissociation present).
• Dyslexia — normal intelligence but specific impairment in reading/writing (dissociation present).
• Specific Language Impairment (SLI) — normal cognition but severe language deficit (dissociation present).
• Autism spectrum disorder — language and cognition are variably affected; not a straightforward dissociation (communication issues arise from broader cognitive/social deficits).

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