Step 1: Understanding reproductive strategies.
Organisms may reproduce once (semelparous) or multiple times (iteroparous) in their lifetime.
Step 2: Examples.
- Pacific salmon fish reproduce only once, after which they die.
- Bamboo flowers once in its lifetime after long intervals and then dies.
Step 3: Analyzing options.
(A) Pacific salmon fish and bamboo: Correct — Both are semelparous.
(B) Mammals: Incorrect — They reproduce many times (iteroparous).
(C) Birds and mammals: Incorrect — Also reproduce multiple times.
(D) Litchi and mango: Incorrect — These reproduce seasonally every year.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, Pacific salmon fish and bamboo reproduce once in a lifetime.