Which of the following pairs of hormones are not antagonistic (having opposite effects) to each other ?
- Insulin - Glucagon
- Aldosterone -Atrial Natriuretic Factor
- Relaxin- Inhibin
- Parathormone - Calcitonin
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Hormonal Antagonism
In the context of hormones, antagonistic hormones are those that have opposite effects on the body. When they work together, one hormone counteracts or opposes the action of the other.
Hormonal Pairing
The correct answer to the question is that the pair of hormones which are not antagonistic to each other is Relaxin - Inhibin.
Explanation:
- Relaxin: This hormone is primarily involved in pregnancy and childbirth. It helps in relaxing the uterine muscles, the cervix, and the ligaments of the pelvis to prepare the body for labor and delivery.
- Inhibin: Inhibin is involved in the regulation of the reproductive system. It primarily inhibits the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland, thus regulating the reproductive cycle.
Both Relaxin and Inhibin have different roles related to reproduction, but they do not have opposing or antagonistic effects. They work in different aspects of the reproductive system, but not in a manner that directly opposes each other.
Antagonistic Hormones (for comparison):
- Insulin - Glucagon: These two hormones have opposite effects on blood sugar regulation. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels, while glucagon raises them.
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH) - Calcitonin: PTH increases blood calcium levels, while calcitonin decreases them.
Conclusion:
The pairing of Relaxin - Inhibin is not antagonistic as they do not have opposite effects, unlike other hormone pairs like Insulin - Glucagon or PTH - Calcitonin.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Coordination and Integration
The chemical coordination and integration of all physiological functions in the animal body are jointly synchronized by the neural and endocrine systems. The control and coordination of body functions are executed by the endocrine glands. They are ductless glands that secrete severel hormones to control and coordinate body functions.
Human Endocrine System:
The human body has several endocrine glands located in different parts. They cover the pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, pineal gland, parathyroid, pancreas (dual gland), adrenal gland, and gonads (testes and ovaries). The liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract also produce hormones in small traces to harmonize the functioning of these organs.
The Hypothalamus comprises groups of secretory cells called nuclei which secrets various hormones. These hormones released by the hypothalamus are important in regulating the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.
Functions of Endocrine Glands:
- Pituitary Gland
- Pineal Gland
- Thyroid Gland
- Parathyroid Gland
- Thymus
- Adrenal Gland
- Pancreas
- Testes
- Ovary
- Hormones of Kidney, Heart, and Gastrointestinal Tract