Question:
Which of the following is not a vitamin deficiency disease ?
Which of the following is not a vitamin deficiency disease ?
Updated On: Aug 1, 2022
- pellagra
- goitre
- keratomalacia
- xerophthalmia
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Goitre is a swelling of the neck due the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This is due to lack of dietary iodine which is necessary for the production of thyroid hormone, therefore the gland enlarges in an attempt to increase the output of hormone. Pellagra is a nutritional disease due to deficiency of vitamin B (nicotinic add). Pellagra results in scaly skin, diarrhoea and depression. Keratomalacia is an eye disorder that leads to a dry cornea. One of its major cause is vitamin $A$ defidency. Xerophthalmia caused by severe vitamin $A$ defidency is described by pathological dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea. The conjunctiva becomes dry, thick and wrinkled. If untreated, it can lead to comeal ulceration and ultimately in blindness as a result of comeal damage.
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Concepts Used:
Biomolecules - Hormones
Hormones are defined as important chemicals that act as messengers of the body. These are the chemicals that are secreted by special glands, known as endocrine glands and these distributed throughout the body. It helps in controlling of physiological functions. Moreover, they are important while maintaining homeostasis in the body. The entire endocrine system is a network of glands. Hormones are almost same as the nervous system. Functioning of various body functions it plays an important role. The only difference between the nervous system and hormones that nervous system uses nerve impulses and neurotransmitters for communication, while the endocrine system uses chemical messengers named hormones.
Types of Hormones:
- Peptide Hormones: Peptide hormones include amino acids that are soluble in water. Insulin is a vital peptide hormone that is produced by the pancreas.
- Steroid Hormones: Unlike peptide hormones, steroid hormones are fat-soluble and can easily pass through a cell membrane with ease. Sex hormones like testosterone, estrogen, etc. are some of the kinds of steroid hormones.