Question

Which of the following is incorrect regarding oral contraceptives?

• A. These are small doses of progestogens or progestogen-estrogen combinations
• B. Inhibits ovulation and implantation
• C. They suppress sperm motility and its fertilizing capacity
• D. They may contain non-steroidal preparation with few side effects and high contraceptive value

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Oral contraceptives are medications used to prevent pregnancy, and they generally work by affecting hormone levels in the body. Here's the evaluation of each statement:

(1) These are small doses of progestogens or progestogen-estrogen combinations: This is correct. Oral contraceptives typically contain synthetic hormones like progestogens or a combination of progestogen and estrogen, which help prevent pregnancy.

(2) They inhibit ovulation and implantation: This is correct. Oral contraceptives work by inhibiting ovulation (the release of an egg) and making the uterine lining less receptive to implantation, thus preventing pregnancy.

(3) They suppress sperm motility and its fertilizing capacity: This is incorrect. Oral contraceptives do not directly affect sperm motility or its fertilizing capacity. Their main mechanism of action is preventing ovulation and implantation.

(4) They may contain non-steroidal preparation with few side effects and high contraceptive value: This is correct. Some newer oral contraceptives may contain non-steroidal preparations, which are designed to have fewer side effects while maintaining high contraceptive efficacy.

Thus, the incorrect statement is (3) They suppress sperm motility and its fertilizing capacity.

Answer 2

Oral contraceptives primarily work by preventing ovulation and creating an unfavorable uterine environment for implantation. They do not directly inhibit sperm motility.