Question

Which of the following is/are not true about Parkinson’s disease?
A. Parkinson’s disease is caused by the degeneration of the substantia nigra in the midbrain. 
B. Parkinson's disease is caused by the degenerative loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. 
C. Bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor are the main symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. 
D. Parkinson's disease is caused by the degenerative loss of nigrostriatal cholinergic neurons. 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, B and D only
• B. A, B and D only
• C. C only
• D. D only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Let's analyze the statements related to Parkinson's disease one by one:

1. Option A: Parkinson’s disease is caused by the degeneration of the substantia nigra in the midbrain.
   • This statement is true. Parkinson's disease is indeed associated with the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra, which is part of the midbrain.
2. Option B: Parkinson's disease is caused by the degenerative loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.
   • This statement is also true. The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway is a primary characteristic of Parkinson’s disease, leading to the movement-related symptoms observed in affected individuals.
3. Option C: Bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor are the main symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.
   • This statement is true. Bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity (muscle stiffness), and tremors (involuntary shaking) are indeed the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
4. Option D: Parkinson's disease is caused by the degenerative loss of nigrostriatal cholinergic neurons.
   • This statement is false. Parkinson’s disease is not primarily caused by the loss of cholinergic neurons. Instead, it is mainly associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons, as previously mentioned.

Based on the analysis of each statement, the incorrect statement is Option D. Therefore, the correct answer is D only.