Which of the following is a soap?
- Sodium acetate
- Magnesium butyrate
- Sodium palmitate
- Palmitic acid
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Top Questions on soaps
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Concepts Used:
Soaps
Soaps are a compound made up of a mixture of different chemicals and are primarily used as cleansing agents for domestic purposes. Soap is basically a different combination of fatty acids of either sodium or potassium salt. It has some cleaning action on the water.
- It consists of several fats as well as oils.
- These are either potassium or sodium salts of a carboxylic acid.
- It is manufactured generally by the saponification process of fats and oils.
- In a soap molecule, the hydrocarbon tail is hydrophobic whereas the carboxylate end is hydrophilic.
- Soap is widely used as a surfactant and thus helps in the emulsification of oils in water.
Soaps - Manufacturing Process:
Soap production consists of the different following methods:
Saponification:
This is the most common method used to prepare soaps. This process involves heating up a greater number of fats and oils and making them react to a liquid alkali, producing soap, water, and glycerine.
Neutralization:
In this process, oils and fats get hydrolyzed with high pressurized steam to produce rude fatty acids along with glycerine. These fatty acids are later purified by the process of distillation and then neutralized by an alkali which ultimately produces water and soap.
The soaps produced with sodium used as an alkali are much harder and solid compared to soaps made with potassium as the alkali agents. The latter soaps are much softer and are used to make shaving creams and liquid hand soaps. Hard water or water containing impurities will affect the soap’s cleansing properties.