Question:

which of the following is a ketone body?

Updated On: Mar 12, 2023
  • acetoacetic acid
  • succinic acid
  • fumaric acid
  • malic acid
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Acetoacetic acid is a ketone body. Ketone bodies are water soluble compounds that are produced as by-products when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver and kidney. They are used as a source of energy in the heart and brain. In brain they are vital source of energy during fasting. Other than acetoacetic acid, acetone and beta hydroxy butyric acid are other ketone bodies. Although, beta hydroxy butyric acid is not technically a ketone but a carboxylic acid.
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Concepts Used:

Digestive glands - Secretion

Digestion is a type of catabolism that involves the breakdown of food into tiny molecules so that the body may absorb and use it for energy, development and repair. Food gets digested as it travels through the digestive tract of our body. The process of digestion starts in the mouth itself and ends in the large intestine. There are mainly two types of digestion, namely, Mechanical and Chemical digestion.

  • Mechanical Digestion: Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of large portions of food into smaller particles that digestive enzymes can access. The mouth does mastication, whereas the small intestine performs segmentation contractions. Food is broken down into little molecules by enzymes, which the body may use for chemical digestion. It ignites with food inserted in the mouth to chew it with teeth.
  • Chemical Digestion: Chemical digestion is a biological process that breaks down macromolecules in food into smaller molecules that may be absorbed into bodily fluids and delivered to cells all throughout the body. Carbohydrates, proteins etc are required to be chemically digested, thus, conversion of proteins into amino acids, lipids into fatty acids etc are forms of chemical digestion. Chemical digestion cannot be successful without mechanical digestion as it greatly increases the surface area of food particles, allowing digestive enzymes to function more efficiently on them.

Digestive Glands are present inside our digestive tract which secrete digestive juices that help in the process of digestion, i.e, breakdown of complex food particles into simpler ones. 

What is a Secretion?

The production and discharge of material from a cell, gland, or organ is referred to as secretion. The secretory products of humans include hormones, enzymes, and saliva. Endocrine glands produce hormones, while gastric glands in the stomach's lining produce enzymes. Hormones are secreted into the bloodstream in order to reach their target.