Which of the following hormones is produced under the condition of stress which stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver of human beings?
Show Hint
Adrenaline, known as epinephrine, is a stress hormone. It is released in a stressful situation after the adrenal gland receives a signal from the brain.
- Thyroxin
- Insulin
- Adrenaline
- Estradiol
The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
Adrenaline hormone increases pulse rate and controls blood pressure.
- It releases glucose from liver glycogen and fatty acids from fats in emergencies.
- Adrenaline is commonly known as the fight or flight hormone and is produced by the adrenal glands.
- It is produced after receiving a message from the brain that a stressful situation has presented itself.
- Adrenaline hormone helps to release fatty acids from fat and glucose from liver glycogen under the condition of stress.
Hence, Option C) Adrenaline is the correct answer.
Approach Solution -2
Adrenaline, known as epinephrine, is a stress hormone.
- It is released in a stressful situation after the adrenal gland receives a signal from the brain.
- The triggered fight or flight response increases the blood flow to muscles.
- It stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver increasing the blood glucose level.
Explanation of incorrect options:
Option A) Thyroxin
- Thyroxin hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland.
- The main function of this hormone is to help in the metabolism of cells in the body.
- It also aids in brain development and healthy functioning of the heart and muscles.
Option B) Insulin
- Insulin hormone is secreted by islets of Langerhans.
- It maintains the blood glucose levels in the body.
- It also helps in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and protein.
Option D) Estradiol
- Estradiol is a female sex hormone that is secreted by the ovaries.
- Its matures and maintains the reproductive system in females.
- It helps to regulate menstruation.
Final answer: Adrenaline hormone is produced under stress, stimulating glycogenolysis in the human liver.
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Concepts Used:
Biomolecules
Biomolecules are the most essential organic molecules, which are involved in the maintenance and metabolic processes of living organisms. These non-living molecules are the actual foot-soldiers of the battle of sustenance of life.
There are four major classes of Biomolecules – Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Lipids.
- Carbohydrates are chemically defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.
- Proteins are another class of indispensable biomolecules, which make up around 50per cent of the cellular dry weight. Proteins are polymers of amino acids arranged in the form of polypeptide chains. The structure of proteins is classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary in some cases.
- Nucleic acids refer to the genetic material found in the cell that carries all the hereditary information from parents to progeny. There are two types of nucleic acids namely, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The main function of nucleic acid is the transfer of genetic information and synthesis of proteins by processes known as translation and transcription.
- Lipids are organic substances that are insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, are related to fatty acids and are utilized by the living cell.