Question

Which of the following factors is NOT typically associated with the rapid growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution?

• A. Technological advancements in transportation
• B. Expansion of agricultural lands
• C. Migration from rural areas to urban centres
• D. Development of factories and industries

Hint:

\textbf{Industrial Revolution led to rapid urbanization due to:}
Growth of factories and industries in cities (pull factor).
Rural-to-urban migration (push from rural changes, pull of urban jobs).
Improved transportation (railways, canals, steamships) facilitating movement of goods and people.
Agricultural changes (e.g., Enclosure Movement, mechanization) often \textit{released} labor from rural areas, contributing to urban migration, rather than "expansion of agricultural lands" being a direct cause of city growth. Urban expansion often encroached on agricultural land.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century, led to rapid urbanization and the growth of cities. Several key factors contributed to this transformation: 

• Option 1: Technological advancements in transportation - This was a crucial factor during the Industrial Revolution. Advancements like the steam engine and the development of railways and canals made transportation of goods and people more efficient, which supported the growth of cities and industries.
• Option 2: Expansion of agricultural lands - This factor is NOT typically associated with the rapid growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution. While agriculture did improve (thanks to innovations like the seed drill and crop rotation), the expansion of agricultural lands was more relevant to rural development and the ability to feed growing populations, rather than directly contributing to urbanization. Industrial growth and urban migration were more directly linked to advancements in manufacturing and transportation.
• Option 3: Migration from rural areas to urban centres - This was a major contributing factor to urban growth during the Industrial Revolution. As factories and industries grew in urban areas, people moved from rural areas in search of work, leading to the expansion of cities.
• Option 4: Development of factories and industries - The development of factories and industries was the primary driver of urban growth during the Industrial Revolution. Factories concentrated in cities attracted workers, fueling population growth and urbanization.

Conclusion:

The factor that is NOT typically associated with the rapid growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution is the expansion of agricultural lands, as the main factors influencing urbanization were industrialization, migration to cities, and transportation improvements.

Answer:

Option 2: Expansion of agricultural lands