Question:

Which hormone possesses anti-insulin effect?

Updated On: May 5, 2024
  • cortisol
  • calcitonin
  • oxytocin
  • aldosterone.
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The Correct Option is A

Approach Solution - 1

Insulin decreases the level of glucose in the blood while cortisol (secreted by middle region of adrenal cortex) increases the blood-glucose level by converting proteins and fats into carbohydrates which are, in turn, converted to glucose.
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Approach Solution -2

When you consume a cookie or a candy bar, your blood sugar rises. This causes a rise in the insulin hormone. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that permits your body to utilize sugar (glucose) from carbs in your diet or to store glucose for later use. Insulin prevents blood sugar levels from being too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia).
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Approach Solution -3

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that the adrenal cortex secretes. It is primarily intended for carbohydrate metabolism, increasing the rate of gluconeogenesis, or the conversion of proteins in the liver into sugars, and decreasing peripheral glucose utilisation; hence, it has an anti-insulin impact.

 


 

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Concepts Used:

Chemical Coordination and Integration

The chemical coordination and integration of all physiological functions in the animal body are jointly synchronized by the neural and endocrine systems. The control and coordination of body functions are executed by the endocrine glands. They are ductless glands that secrete severel hormones to control and coordinate body functions.

Human Endocrine System:

The human body has several endocrine glands located in different parts. They cover the pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, pineal gland, parathyroid, pancreas (dual gland), adrenal gland, and gonads (testes and ovaries). The liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract also produce hormones in small traces to harmonize the functioning of these organs.

The Hypothalamus comprises groups of secretory cells called nuclei which secrets various hormones. These hormones released by the hypothalamus are important in regulating the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.

Functions of Endocrine Glands:

  • Pituitary Gland
  • Pineal Gland
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Parathyroid Gland
  • Thymus
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Pancreas
  • Testes
  • Ovary
  • Hormones of Kidney, Heart, and Gastrointestinal Tract