Question

Which condition must be met for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• A. Small population size
• B. No mutation
• C. Natural selection occurs
• D. Non-random mating

Hint:

Remember: The five conditions are a classic MCQ trap — memorize them for breeding questions!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle, a population's allele frequencies remain constant only when five conditions are met:
(1) Large population size, so that genetic drift does not affect frequencies;
(2) Random mating must occur;
(3) No mutations, because mutations introduce new alleles;
(4) No migration in or out of the population; and
(5) No natural selection acting on the alleles. If any condition is violated, the population may evolve.
Therefore, “no mutation” is one of the required conditions to maintain the equilibrium.