What was the rank of India in the World Press Freedom Index 2024?
Show Hint
- 158
- 159
- 160
- 161
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
The World Press Freedom Index is a ranking of countries based on the degree of freedom available to the press. It is compiled annually by Reporters Without Borders, a global NGO that advocates for press freedom. The index takes into account factors such as media independence, censorship, the safety of journalists, and the freedom of information.
Step 2: India’s Rank in the 2024 Index
In the 2024 World Press Freedom Index, India ranked 159th, reflecting a concerning situation for media freedoms in the country. India has faced significant challenges with press freedom in recent years, including censorship, violence against journalists, and government interference.
Step 3: Why the Ranking Matters
A low ranking in this index highlights the difficulties journalists face in reporting freely and independently. It is an important indicator of how democratic a country is, as freedom of the press is a critical pillar of any democracy.
Top Questions on Current Affairs
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Criminology is the scientific and jurisprudential study of crime, criminal behaviour, and the penal response of the state. It operates at the intersection of law, sociology, psychology, and public policy. Its foundational principle is nullum crimen sine lege, nulla poena sine lege, stressing that there is no crime nor punishment without a pre-existing law. Traditional criminology was shaped by the Classical School, emphasizing free will and rationality. Influenced by Bentham’s utilitarianism, it viewed punishment as a deterrent mechanism, echoing audi alteram partem in demanding procedural fairness. In contrast, the Positivist School, focused on biological, psychological, and sociological causes of criminality, thereby shifting from retributive justice to rehabilitative models.
Modern criminology encompasses diverse domains like victimology, penology, white-collar crime, cybercrime, and transnational offences. The traditional ele ments of crime, mens rea and actus reus remain crucial. However, strict liability offences and corporate crimes often challenge this binary. With the advent of globalization, criminology now interfaces with international criminal law, human rights jurisprudence, and restorative justice. It aims to reintegrate the offender and provide restitution to victims. Furthermore, critical criminology interrogates how law disproportionately penalizes marginalized groups, reflecting concerns of penal populism, mass incarceration, and criminalization of poverty. This evolving discipline critiques not just criminal behaviour but the social construction of de viance itself.- TS LAWCET - 2025
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Under the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 a mortgage is a transfer of an interest in specific immovable property for securing the payment of a debt. Section 58 of the Act enumerates six distinct types of mortgages, each characterized by unique rights and obligations of the mortgagor and mortgagee. These categories reflect the balance of right of alienation and right to hold the property, contingent upon the nature of the transfer. In a simple mortgage, the mortgagor binds himself personally to repay the debt and agrees, expressly or impliedly, that in the event of default, the mortgagee shall have the right to cause the mortgaged property to be sold. There is no transfer of possession.
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