Question

What is the term for the process of decentralizing power and decision-making authority from central governments to local governments?

• A. Centralization
• B. Devolution
• C. Globalization
• D. Federalization

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Decentralization refers to the process by which the central government transfers or delegates power, authority, and responsibility to local or regional governments. This allows local governments to make decisions that are more responsive to the specific needs of their communities. 

• Option 1: Centralization - This is the opposite of decentralization. Centralization refers to the concentration of power and decision-making authority in the hands of a central government or authority.
• Option 2: Devolution - This is the correct answer. Devolution is the transfer of power and decision-making from the central government to local or regional governments, allowing for greater local autonomy.
• Option 3: Globalization - Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations. It is not related to the transfer of power between governments.
• Option 4: Federalization - Federalization refers to the creation of a federal system of government, where power is shared between a central government and regional governments. While federal systems involve decentralization, federalization is a broader concept that encompasses the establishment of a federal government structure.

Conclusion:

The process of decentralizing power and decision-making authority from central governments to local governments is called Devolution.

Answer:

Option 2: Devolution