Step 1: Identify the reactant, slaked lime.
Slaked lime is calcium hydroxide, \(Ca(OH)_2\).
Step 2: Recall the reaction during whitewashing.
Slaked lime reacts with carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) in the air.
Step 3: Write the balanced chemical equation.
\[
Ca(OH)_2(aq) + CO_2(g) \rightarrow CaCO_3(s) + H_2O(l)
\]
Step 4: Identify the product formed.
The product is calcium carbonate (\(CaCO_3\)), which forms the white coating.